335 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
335 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
'\"
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'\" Copyright (c) 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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'\"
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'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
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'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
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'\"
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'\" SCCS: @(#) event.n 1.4 96/10/03 18:39:43
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'\"
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.so man.macros
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.TH event n 4.2 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands"
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.BS
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'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
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.SH NAME
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event \- Miscellaneous event facilities: define virtual events and generate events
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fBevent\fI option \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
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.BE
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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The \fBevent\fR command provides several facilities for dealing with
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window system events, such as defining virtual events and synthesizing
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events. The command has several different forms, determined by the
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first argument. The following forms are currently supported:
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.TP
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\fBevent add <<\fIvirtual\fB>>\fI sequence \fR?\fIsequence ...\fR?
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Associates the virtual event \fIvirtual\fR with the physical
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event sequence(s) given by the \fIsequence\fR arguments, so that
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the virtual event will trigger whenever any one of the \fIsequence\fRs
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occurs.
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\fIVirtual\fR may be any string value and \fIsequence\fR may have
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any of the values allowed for the \fIsequence\fR argument to the
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\fBbind\fR command.
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If \fIvirtual\fR is already defined, the new physical event sequences
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add to the existing sequences for the event.
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.TP
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\fBevent delete <<\fIvirtual\fB>> \fR?\fIsequence \fIsequence ...\fR?
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Deletes each of the \fIsequence\fRs from those associated with
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the virtual event given by \fIvirtual\fR.
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\fIVirtual\fR may be any string value and \fIsequence\fR may have
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any of the values allowed for the \fIsequence\fR argument to the
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\fBbind\fR command.
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Any \fIsequence\fRs not currently associated with \fIvirtual\fR
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are ignored.
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If no \fIsequence\fR argument is provided, all physical event sequences
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are removed for \fIvirtual\fR, so that the virtual event will not
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trigger anymore.
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.TP
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\fBevent generate \fIwindow event \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
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Generates a window event and arranges for it to be processed just as if
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it had come from the window system.
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\fIWindow\fR gives the path name of the window for which the event
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will be generated, and \fIevent\fR provides a basic description of
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the event, such as \fB<Shift-Button-2>\fR or \fB<<Paste>>\fR.
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\fIEvent\fR may have any of the forms allowed for the \fIsequence\fR
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argument of the \fBbind\fR command except that it must consist
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of a single event pattern, not a sequence.
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\fIOption-value\fR pairs may be used to specify additional
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attributes of the event, such as the x and y mouse position; see
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EVENT FIELDS below. If the \fB\-when\fR option is not specified, the
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event is processed immediately: all of the handlers for the event
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will complete before the \fBevent generate\fR command returns.
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If the \fB\-when\fR option is specified then it determines when the
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event is processed.
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.TP
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\fBevent info \fR?<<\fIvirtual\fB>>\fR?
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Returns information about virtual events.
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If the \fB<<\fIvirtual\fB>>\fR argument is omitted, the return value
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is a list of all the virtual events that are currently defined.
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If \fB<<\fIvirtual\fB>>\fR is specified then the return value is
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a list whose elements are the physical event sequences currently
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defined for the given virtual event; if the virtual event is
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not defined then an empty string is returned.
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.SH "EVENT FIELDS"
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.PP
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The following options are supported for the \fBevent generate\fR
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command. These correspond to the ``%'' expansions
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allowed in binding scripts for the \fBbind\fR command.
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.TP
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\fB\-above\fI window\fR
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\fIWindow\fR specifies the \fIabove\fR field for the event,
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either as a window path name or as an integer window id.
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Valid for \fBConfigure\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%a\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-borderwidth\fI size\fR
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\fISize\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies the
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\fIborder_width\fR field for the event.
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Valid for \fBConfigure\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%B\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-button\fI number\fR
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\fINumber\fR must be an integer; it specifies the \fIdetail\fR field
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for a \fBButtonPress\fR or \fBButtonRelease\fR event, overriding
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any button number provided in the base \fIevent\fR argument.
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Corresponds to the \fB%b\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-count\fI number\fR
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\fINumber\fR must be an integer; it specifies the \fIcount\fR field
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for the event. Valid for \fBExpose\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%c\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-detail\fI detail\fR
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\fIDetail\fR specifies the \fIdetail\fR field for the event
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and must be one of the following:
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.RS
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.DS
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.ta 6c
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\fBNotifyAncestor NotifyNonlinearVirtual
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NotifyDetailNone NotifyPointer
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NotifyInferior NotifyPointerRoot
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NotifyNonlinear NotifyVirtual\fR
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.DE
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Valid for \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, \fBFocusIn\fR and
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\fBFocusOut\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%d\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.RE
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.TP
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\fB\-focus\fI boolean\fR
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\fIBoolean\fR must be a boolean value; it specifies the \fIfocus\fR
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field for the event.
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Valid for \fBEnter\fR and \fBLeave\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%f\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-height\fI size\fR
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\fISize\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies the \fIheight\fR
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field for the event. Valid for \fBConfigure\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%h\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-keycode\fI number\fR
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\fINumber\fR must be an integer; it specifies the \fIkeycode\fR
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field for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR and \fBKeyRelease\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%k\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-keysym\fI name\fR
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\fIName\fR must be the name of a valid keysym, such as \fBg\fR,
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\fBspace\fR, or \fBReturn\fR; its corresponding
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keycode value is used as the \fIkeycode\fR field for event, overriding
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any detail specified in the base \fIevent\fR argument.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR and \fBKeyRelease\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%K\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-mode\fI notify\fR
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\fINotify\fR specifies the \fImode\fR field for the event and must be
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one of \fBNotifyNormal\fR, \fBNotifyGrab\fR, \fBNotifyUngrab\fR, or
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\fBNotifyWhileGrabbed\fR.
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Valid for \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, \fBFocusIn\fR, and
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\fBFocusOut\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%m\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-override\fI boolean\fR
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\fIBoolean\fR must be a boolean value; it specifies the
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\fIoverride_redirect\fR field for the event.
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Valid for \fBMap\fR, \fBReparent\fR, and \fBConfigure\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%o\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-place\fI where\fR
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\fIWhere\fR specifies the \fIplace\fR field for the event; it must be
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either \fBPlaceOnTop\fR or \fBPlaceOnBottom\fR.
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Valid for \fBCirculate\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%p\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-root\fI window\fR
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\fIWindow\fR must be either a window path name or an integer window
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identifier; it specifies the \fIroot\fR field for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, and \fBMotion\fR
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events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%R\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-rootx\fI coord\fR
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\fICoord\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies the \fIx_root\fR
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field for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, and \fBMotion\fR
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events. Corresponds to the \fB%X\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-rooty\fI coord\fR
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\fICoord\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies th \fIy_root\fR
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field for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, and \fBMotion\fR
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events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%Y\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-sendevent\fI boolean\fR
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\fBBoolean\fR must be a boolean value; it specifies the \fIsend_event\fR
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field for the event. Valid for all events. Corresponds to the
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\fB%E\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-serial\fI number\fR
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\fINumber\fR must be an integer; it specifies the \fIserial\fR field
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for the event. Valid for all events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%#\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-state\fI state\fR
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\fIState\fR specifies the \fIstate\fR field for the event.
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For \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, and \fBMotion\fR events
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it must be an integer value.
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For \fBVisibility\fR events it must be one of \fBVisibilityUnobscured\fR,
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\fBVisibilityPartiallyObscured\fR, or \fBVisibilityFullyObscured\fR.
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This option overrides any modifiers such as \fBMeta\fR or \fBControl\fR
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specified in the base \fIevent\fR.
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Corresponds to the \fB%s\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-subwindow\fI window\fR
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\fIWindow\fR specifies the \fIsubwindow\fR field for the event, either
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as a path name for a Tk widget or as an integer window identifier.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, and \fBMotion\fR events.
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Similar to \fB%S\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-time\fI integer\fR
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\fIInteger\fR must be an integer value; it specifies the \fItime\fR field
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for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR, \fBMotion\fR,
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and \fBProperty\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%t\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-width\fI size\fR
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\fISize\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies the \fIwidth\fR field
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for the event.
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Valid for \fBConfigure\fR events.
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Corresponds to the \fB%w\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-when\fI when\fR
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\fIWhen\fR determines when the event will be processed; it must have one
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of the following values:
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.RS
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.IP \fBnow\fR 10
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Process the event immediately, before the command returns.
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This also happens if the \fB\-when\fR option is omitted.
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.IP \fBtail\fR 10
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Place the event on Tcl's event queue behind any events already
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queued for this application.
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.IP \fBhead\fR 10
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Place the event at the front of Tcl's event queue, so that it
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will be handled before any other events already queued.
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.IP \fBmark\fR 10
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Place the event at the front of Tcl's event queue but behind any
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other events already queued with \fB\-when mark\fR.
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This option is useful when generating a series of events that should
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be processed in order but at the front of the queue.
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.RE
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.TP
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\fB\-x\fI coord\fR
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\fICoord\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies the \fIx\fR field
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for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBMotion\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR,
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\fBExpose\fR, \fBConfigure\fR, \fBGravity\fR, and \fBReparent\fR
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events.
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Corresponds to the the \fB%x\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.TP
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\fB\-y\fI coord\fR
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\fICoord\fR must be a screen distance; it specifies the \fIy\fR
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field for the event.
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Valid for \fBKeyPress\fR, \fBKeyRelease\fR, \fBButtonPress\fR,
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\fBButtonRelease\fR, \fBMotion\fR, \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR,
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\fBExpose\fR, \fBConfigure\fR, \fBGravity\fR, and \fBReparent\fR
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events.
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Corresponds to the the \fB%y\fR substitution for binding scripts.
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.PP
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Any options that are not specified when generating an event are filled
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with the value 0, except for \fIserial\fR, which is filled with the
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next X event serial number.
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.SH "VIRTUAL EVENT EXAMPLES"
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.PP
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In order for a virtual event binding to trigger, two things must
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happen. First, the virtual event must be defined with the
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\fBevent add\fR command. Second, a binding must be created for
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the virtual event with the \fBbind\fR command.
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Consider the following virtual event definitions:
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.CS
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event add <<Paste>> <Control-y>
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event add <<Paste>> <Button-2>
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event add <<Save>> <Control-X><Control-S>
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event add <<Save>> <Shift-F12>
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.CE
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In the \fBbind\fR command, a virtual event can be bound like any other
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builtin event type as follows:
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.CS
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bind Entry <<Paste>> {%W insert [selection get]}
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.CE
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The double angle brackets are used to specify that a virtual event is being
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bound. If the user types Control-y or presses button 2, or if
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a \fB<<Paste>>\fR virtual event is synthesized with \fBevent generate\fR,
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then the \fB<<Paste>>\fR binding will be invoked.
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.PP
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If a virtual binding has the exact same sequence as a separate
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physical binding, then the physical binding will take precedence.
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Consider the following example:
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.CS
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event add <<Paste>> <Control-y> <Meta-Control-y>
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bind Entry <Control-y> {puts Control-y}
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bind Entry <<Paste>> {puts Paste}
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.CE
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When the user types Control-y the \fB<Control-y>\fR binding
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will be invoked, because a physical event is considered
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more specific than a virtual event, all other things being equal.
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However, when the user types Meta-Control-y the
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\fB<<Paste>>\fR binding will be invoked, because the
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\fBMeta\fR modifier in the physical pattern associated with the
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virtual binding is more specific than the \fB<Control-y\fR> sequence for
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the physical event.
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.PP
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Bindings on a virtual event may be created before the virtual event exists.
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Indeed, the virtual event never actually needs to be defined, for instance,
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on platforms where the specific virtual event would meaningless or
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ungeneratable.
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.PP
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When a definition of a virtual event changes at run time, all windows
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will respond immediately to the new definition.
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Starting from the preceding example, if the following code is executed:
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.CS
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bind <Entry> <Control-y> {}
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event add <<Paste>> <Key-F6>
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.CE
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the behavior will change such in two ways. First, the shadowed
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\fB<<Paste>>\fR binding will emerge.
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Typing Control-y will no longer invoke the \fB<Control-y>\fR binding,
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but instead invoke the virtual event \fB<<Paste>>\fR. Second,
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pressing the F6 key will now also invoke the \fB<<Paste>>\fR binding.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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bind
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.SH KEYWORDS
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event, binding, define, handle, virtual event
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