1546 lines
66 KiB
Plaintext
1546 lines
66 KiB
Plaintext
'\"
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'\" Copyright (c) 1992-1994 The Regents of the University of California.
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'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
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'\"
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'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
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'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
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'\"
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'\" SCCS: @(#) canvas.n 1.52 96/09/06 11:18:32
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'\"
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.so man.macros
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.TH canvas n 4.0 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands"
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.BS
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'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
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.SH NAME
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canvas \- Create and manipulate canvas widgets
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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\fBcanvas\fI \fIpathName \fR?\fIoptions\fR?
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.SO
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\-background \-highlightthickness \-insertwidth \-takefocus
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\-borderwidth \-insertbackground \-relief \-xscrollcommand
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\-cursor \-insertborderwidth \-selectbackground \-yscrollcommand
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\-highlightbackground \-insertofftime \-selectborderwidth
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\-highlightcolor \-insertontime \-selectforeground
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.SE
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.SH "WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS"
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.OP \-closeenough closeEnough CloseEnough
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Specifies a floating-point value indicating how close the mouse cursor
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must be to an item before it is considered to be ``inside'' the item.
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Defaults to 1.0.
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.OP \-confine confine Confine
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Specifies a boolean value that indicates whether or not it should be
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allowable to set the canvas's view outside the region defined by the
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\fBscrollRegion\fR argument.
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Defaults to true, which means that the view will
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be constrained within the scroll region.
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.OP \-height height Height
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Specifies a desired window height that the canvas widget should request from
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its geometry manager. The value may be specified in any
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of the forms described in the COORDINATES section below.
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.OP \-scrollregion scrollRegion ScrollRegion
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Specifies a list with four coordinates describing the left, top, right, and
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bottom coordinates of a rectangular region.
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This region is used for scrolling purposes and is considered to be
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the boundary of the information in the canvas.
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Each of the coordinates may be specified
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in any of the forms given in the COORDINATES section below.
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.OP \-width width width
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Specifies a desired window width that the canvas widget should request from
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its geometry manager. The value may be specified in any
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of the forms described in the COORDINATES section below.
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.br
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.OP \-xscrollincrement xScrollIncrement ScrollIncrement
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Specifies an increment for horizontal scrolling, in any of the usual forms
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permitted for screen distances. If the value of this option is greater
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than zero, the horizontal view in the window will be constrained so that
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the canvas x coordinate at the left edge of the window is always an even
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multiple of \fBxScrollIncrement\fR; furthermore, the units for scrolling
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(e.g., the change in view when the left and right arrows of a scrollbar
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are selected) will also be \fBxScrollIncrement\fR. If the value of
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this option is less than or equal to zero, then horizontal scrolling
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is unconstrained.
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.OP \-yscrollincrement yScrollIncrement ScrollIncrement
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Specifies an increment for vertical scrolling, in any of the usual forms
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permitted for screen distances. If the value of this option is greater
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than zero, the vertical view in the window will be constrained so that
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the canvas y coordinate at the top edge of the window is always an even
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multiple of \fByScrollIncrement\fR; furthermore, the units for scrolling
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(e.g., the change in view when the top and bottom arrows of a scrollbar
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are selected) will also be \fByScrollIncrement\fR. If the value of
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this option is less than or equal to zero, then vertical scrolling
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is unconstrained.
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.BE
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.SH INTRODUCTION
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.PP
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The \fBcanvas\fR command creates a new window (given
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by the \fIpathName\fR argument) and makes it into a canvas widget.
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Additional options, described above, may be specified on the
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command line or in the option database
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to configure aspects of the canvas such as its colors and 3-D relief.
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The \fBcanvas\fR command returns its
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\fIpathName\fR argument. At the time this command is invoked,
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there must not exist a window named \fIpathName\fR, but
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\fIpathName\fR's parent must exist.
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.PP
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Canvas widgets implement structured graphics.
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A canvas displays any number of \fIitems\fR, which may be things like
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rectangles, circles, lines, and text.
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Items may be manipulated (e.g. moved or re-colored) and commands may
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be associated with items in much the same way that the \fBbind\fR
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command allows commands to be bound to widgets. For example,
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a particular command may be associated with the <Button-1> event
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so that the command is invoked whenever button 1 is pressed with
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the mouse cursor over an item.
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This means that items in a canvas can have behaviors defined by
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the Tcl scripts bound to them.
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.SH "DISPLAY LIST"
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.PP
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The items in a canvas are ordered for purposes of display,
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with the first item in the display list being displayed
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first, followed by the next item in the list, and so on.
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Items later in the display list obscure those that are
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earlier in the display list and are sometimes referred to
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as being ``on top'' of earlier items.
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When a new item is created it is placed at the end of the
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display list, on top of everything else.
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Widget commands may be used to re-arrange the order of the
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display list.
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.SH "ITEM IDS AND TAGS"
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.PP
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Items in a canvas widget may be named in either of two ways:
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by id or by tag.
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Each item has a unique identifying number which is assigned to
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that item when it is created. The id of an item never changes
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and id numbers are never re-used within the lifetime of a
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canvas widget.
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.PP
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Each item may also have any number of \fItags\fR associated
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with it. A tag is just a string of characters, and it may
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take any form except that of an integer.
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For example, ``x123'' is OK but ``123'' isn't.
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The same tag may be associated with many different items.
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This is commonly done to group items in various interesting
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ways; for example, all selected items might be given the
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tag ``selected''.
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.PP
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The tag \fBall\fR is implicitly associated with every item
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in the canvas; it may be used to invoke operations on
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all the items in the canvas.
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.PP
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The tag \fBcurrent\fR is managed automatically by Tk;
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it applies to the \fIcurrent item\fR, which is the
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topmost item whose drawn area covers the position of
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the mouse cursor.
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If the mouse is not in the canvas widget or is not over
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an item, then no item has the \fBcurrent\fR tag.
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.PP
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When specifying items in canvas widget commands, if the
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specifier is an integer then it is assumed to refer to
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the single item with that id.
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If the specifier is not an integer, then it is assumed to
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refer to all of the items in the canvas that have a tag
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matching the specifier.
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The symbol \fItagOrId\fR is used below to indicate that
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an argument specifies either an id that selects a single
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item or a tag that selects zero or more items.
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Some widget commands only operate on a single item at a
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time; if \fItagOrId\fR is specified in a way that
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names multiple items, then the normal behavior is for
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the command to use the first (lowest) of these items in
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the display list that is suitable for the command.
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Exceptions are noted in the widget command descriptions
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below.
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.SH "COORDINATES"
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.PP
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All coordinates related to canvases are stored as floating-point
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numbers.
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Coordinates and distances are specified in screen units,
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which are floating-point numbers optionally followed
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by one of several letters.
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If no letter is supplied then the distance is in pixels.
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If the letter is \fBm\fR then the distance is in millimeters on
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the screen; if it is \fBc\fR then the distance is in centimeters;
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\fBi\fR means inches, and \fBp\fR means printers points (1/72 inch).
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Larger y-coordinates refer to points lower on the screen; larger
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x-coordinates refer to points farther to the right.
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.SH TRANSFORMATIONS
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.PP
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Normally the origin of the canvas coordinate system is at the
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upper-left corner of the window containing the canvas.
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It is possible to adjust the origin of the canvas
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coordinate system relative to the origin of the window using the
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\fBxview\fR and \fByview\fR widget commands; this is typically used
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for scrolling.
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Canvases do not support scaling or rotation of the canvas coordinate
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system relative to the window coordinate system.
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.PP
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Individual items may be moved or scaled using widget commands
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described below, but they may not be rotated.
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.SH "INDICES"
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.PP
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Text items support the notion of an \fIindex\fR for identifying
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particular positions within the item.
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Indices are used for commands such as inserting text, deleting
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a range of characters, and setting the insertion cursor position.
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An index may be specified in any of a number of ways, and
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different types of items may support different forms for
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specifying indices.
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Text items support the following forms for an index; if you
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define new types of text-like items, it would be advisable to
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support as many of these forms as practical.
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Note that it is possible to refer to the character just after
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the last one in the text item; this is necessary for such
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tasks as inserting new text at the end of the item.
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.TP 10
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\fInumber\fR
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A decimal number giving the position of the desired character
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within the text item.
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0 refers to the first character, 1 to the next character, and
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so on.
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A number less than 0 is treated as if it were zero, and a
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number greater than the length of the text item is treated
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as if it were equal to the length of the text item.
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.TP 10
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\fBend\fR
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Refers to the character just after the last one in the item
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(same as the number of characters in the item).
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.TP 10
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\fBinsert\fR
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Refers to the character just before which the insertion cursor
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is drawn in this item.
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.TP 10
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\fBsel.first\fR
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Refers to the first selected character in the item.
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If the selection isn't in this item then this form is illegal.
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.TP 10
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\fBsel.last\fR
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Refers to the last selected character in the item.
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If the selection isn't in this item then this form is illegal.
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.TP 10
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\fB@\fIx,y\fR
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Refers to the character at the point given by \fIx\fR and
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\fIy\fR, where \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR are specified in the coordinate
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system of the canvas.
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If \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR lie outside the coordinates covered by the
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text item, then they refer to the first or last character in the
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line that is closest to the given point.
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.SH "WIDGET COMMAND"
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.PP
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The \fBcanvas\fR command creates a new Tcl command whose
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name is \fIpathName\fR. This
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command may be used to invoke various
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operations on the widget. It has the following general form:
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.CS
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\fIpathName option \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
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.CE
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\fIOption\fR and the \fIarg\fRs
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determine the exact behavior of the command.
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The following widget commands are possible for canvas widgets:
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBaddtag \fItag searchSpec \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
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For each item that meets the constraints specified by
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\fIsearchSpec\fR and the \fIarg\fRs, add
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\fItag\fR to the list of tags associated with the item if it
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isn't already present on that list.
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It is possible that no items will satisfy the constraints
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given by \fIsearchSpec and \fIarg\fRs, in which case the
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command has no effect.
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This command returns an empty string as result.
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\fISearchSpec\fR and \fIarg\fR's may take any of the following
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forms:
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.RS
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.TP
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\fBabove \fItagOrId\fR
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Selects the item just after (above) the one given by \fItagOrId\fR
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in the display list.
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If \fItagOrId\fR denotes more than one item, then the last (topmost)
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of these items in the display list is used.
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.TP
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\fBall\fR
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Selects all the items in the canvas.
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.TP
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\fBbelow \fItagOrId\fR
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Selects the item just before (below) the one given by \fItagOrId\fR
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in the display list.
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If \fItagOrId\fR denotes more than one item, then the first (lowest)
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of these items in the display list is used.
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.TP
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\fBclosest \fIx y \fR?\fIhalo\fR? ?\fIstart\fR?
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Selects the item closest to the point given by \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR.
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If more than one item is at the same closest distance (e.g. two
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items overlap the point), then the top-most of these items (the
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last one in the display list) is used.
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If \fIhalo\fR is specified, then it must be a non-negative
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value.
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Any item closer than \fIhalo\fR to the point is considered to
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overlap it.
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The \fIstart\fR argument may be used to step circularly through
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all the closest items.
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If \fIstart\fR is specified, it names an item using a tag or id
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(if by tag, it selects the first item in the display list with
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the given tag).
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Instead of selecting the topmost closest item, this form will
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select the topmost closest item that is below \fIstart\fR in
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the display list; if no such item exists, then the selection
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behaves as if the \fIstart\fR argument had not been specified.
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.TP
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\fBenclosed\fR \fIx1\fR \fIy1\fR \fIx2\fR \fIy2\fR
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Selects all the items completely enclosed within the rectangular
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region given by \fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR, and \fIy2\fR.
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\fIX1\fR must be no greater then \fIx2\fR and \fIy1\fR must be
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no greater than \fIy2\fR.
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.TP
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\fBoverlapping\fR \fIx1\fR \fIy1\fR \fIx2\fR \fIy2\fR
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Selects all the items that overlap or are enclosed within the
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rectangular region given by \fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR,
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and \fIy2\fR.
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\fIX1\fR must be no greater then \fIx2\fR and \fIy1\fR must be
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no greater than \fIy2\fR.
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.TP
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\fBwithtag \fItagOrId\fR
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Selects all the items given by \fItagOrId\fR.
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.RE
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBbbox \fItagOrId\fR ?\fItagOrId tagOrId ...\fR?
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Returns a list with four elements giving an approximate bounding box
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for all the items named by the \fItagOrId\fR arguments.
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The list has the form ``\fIx1 y1 x2 y2\fR'' such that the drawn
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areas of all the named elements are within the region bounded by
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\fIx1\fR on the left, \fIx2\fR on the right, \fIy1\fR on the top,
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and \fIy2\fR on the bottom.
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The return value may overestimate the actual bounding box by
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a few pixels.
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If no items match any of the \fItagOrId\fR arguments or if the
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matching items have empty bounding boxes (i.e. they have nothing
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to display)
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then an empty string is returned.
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBbind \fItagOrId\fR ?\fIsequence\fR? ?\fIcommand\fR?
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This command associates \fIcommand\fR with all the items given by
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\fItagOrId\fR such that whenever the event sequence given by
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\fIsequence\fR occurs for one of the items the command will
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be invoked.
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This widget command is similar to the \fBbind\fR command except that
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it operates on items in a canvas rather than entire widgets.
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See the \fBbind\fR manual entry for complete details
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on the syntax of \fIsequence\fR and the substitutions performed
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on \fIcommand\fR before invoking it.
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If all arguments are specified then a new binding is created, replacing
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any existing binding for the same \fIsequence\fR and \fItagOrId\fR
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(if the first character of \fIcommand\fR is ``+'' then \fIcommand\fR
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augments an existing binding rather than replacing it).
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In this case the return value is an empty string.
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If \fIcommand\fR is omitted then the command returns the \fIcommand\fR
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associated with \fItagOrId\fR and \fIsequence\fR (an error occurs
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if there is no such binding).
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If both \fIcommand\fR and \fIsequence\fR are omitted then the command
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returns a list of all the sequences for which bindings have been
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defined for \fItagOrId\fR.
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.RS
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.PP
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The only events for which bindings may be specified are those related
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to the mouse and keyboard, such as \fBEnter\fR, \fBLeave\fR,
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\fBButtonPress\fR, \fBMotion\fR, and \fBKeyPress\fR.
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The handling of events in canvases uses the current item defined
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in ITEM IDS AND TAGS above.
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\fBEnter\fR and \fBLeave\fR events trigger for an item when it
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becomes the current item or ceases to be the current item; note
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that these events are different than \fBEnter\fR and \fBLeave\fR
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events for windows.
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Mouse-related events are directed to the current item, if any.
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Keyboard-related events are directed to the focus item, if any
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(see the \fBfocus\fR widget command below for more on this).
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.PP
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It is possible for multiple bindings to match a particular event.
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This could occur, for example, if one binding is associated with the
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item's id and another is associated with one of the item's tags.
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When this occurs, all of the matching bindings are invoked.
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A binding associated with the \fBall\fR tag is invoked first,
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followed by one binding for each of the item's tags (in order),
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followed by a binding associated with the item's id.
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If there are multiple matching bindings for a single tag,
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then only the most specific binding is invoked.
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A \fBcontinue\fR command in a binding script terminates that
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script, and a \fBbreak\fR command terminates that script
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and skips any remaining scripts for the event, just as for the
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\fBbind\fR command.
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.PP
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If bindings have been created for a canvas window using the \fBbind\fR
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command, then they are invoked in addition to bindings created for
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the canvas's items using the \fBbind\fR widget command.
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The bindings for items will be invoked before any of the bindings
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for the window as a whole.
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.RE
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBcanvasx \fIscreenx\fR ?\fIgridspacing\fR?
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Given a window x-coordinate in the canvas \fIscreenx\fR, this command returns
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the canvas x-coordinate that is displayed at that location.
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If \fIgridspacing\fR is specified, then the canvas coordinate is
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rounded to the nearest multiple of \fIgridspacing\fR units.
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBcanvasy \fIscreeny\fR ?\fIgridspacing\fR?
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Given a window y-coordinate in the canvas \fIscreeny\fR this command returns
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the canvas y-coordinate that is displayed at that location.
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If \fIgridspacing\fR is specified, then the canvas coordinate is
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rounded to the nearest multiple of \fIgridspacing\fR units.
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBcget\fR \fIoption\fR
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Returns the current value of the configuration option given
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by \fIoption\fR.
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\fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \fBcanvas\fR
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command.
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.TP
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\fIpathName \fBconfigure ?\fIoption\fR? ?\fIvalue\fR? ?\fIoption value ...\fR?
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Query or modify the configuration options of the widget.
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If no \fIoption\fR is specified, returns a list describing all of
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the available options for \fIpathName\fR (see \fBTk_ConfigureInfo\fR for
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information on the format of this list). If \fIoption\fR is specified
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with no \fIvalue\fR, then the command returns a list describing the
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one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding
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sublist of the value returned if no \fIoption\fR is specified). If
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one or more \fIoption\-value\fR pairs are specified, then the command
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modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in
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this case the command returns an empty string.
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\fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \fBcanvas\fR
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command.
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.TP
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\fIpathName\fR \fBcoords \fItagOrId \fR?\fIx0 y0 ...\fR?
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Query or modify the coordinates that define an item.
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If no coordinates are specified, this command returns a list
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whose elements are the coordinates of the item named by
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|
\fItagOrId\fR.
|
|
If coordinates are specified, then they replace the current
|
|
coordinates for the named item.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to multiple items, then
|
|
the first one in the display list is used.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate \fItype x y \fR?\fIx y ...\fR? ?\fIoption value ...\fR?
|
|
Create a new item in \fIpathName\fR of type \fItype\fR.
|
|
The exact format of the arguments after \fBtype\fR depends
|
|
on \fBtype\fR, but usually they consist of the coordinates for
|
|
one or more points, followed by specifications for zero or
|
|
more item options.
|
|
See the subsections on individual item types below for more
|
|
on the syntax of this command.
|
|
This command returns the id for the new item.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBdchars \fItagOrId first \fR?\fIlast\fR?
|
|
For each item given by \fItagOrId\fR, delete the characters
|
|
in the range given by \fIfirst\fR and \fIlast\fR,
|
|
inclusive.
|
|
If some of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR don't support
|
|
text operations, then they are ignored.
|
|
\fIFirst\fR and \fIlast\fR are indices of characters
|
|
within the item(s) as described in INDICES above.
|
|
If \fIlast\fR is omitted, it defaults to \fIfirst\fR.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBdelete \fR?\fItagOrId tagOrId ...\fR?
|
|
Delete each of the items given by each \fItagOrId\fR, and return
|
|
an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBdtag \fItagOrId \fR?\fItagToDelete\fR?
|
|
For each of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR, delete the
|
|
tag given by \fItagToDelete\fR from the list of those
|
|
associated with the item.
|
|
If an item doesn't have the tag \fItagToDelete\fR then
|
|
the item is unaffected by the command.
|
|
If \fItagToDelete\fR is omitted then it defaults to \fItagOrId\fR.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBfind \fIsearchCommand \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
|
|
This command returns a list consisting of all the items that
|
|
meet the constraints specified by \fIsearchCommand\fR and
|
|
\fIarg\fR's.
|
|
\fISearchCommand\fR and \fIargs\fR have any of the forms
|
|
accepted by the \fBaddtag\fR command.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBfocus \fR?\fItagOrId\fR?
|
|
Set the keyboard focus for the canvas widget to the item given by
|
|
\fItagOrId\fR.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to several items, then the focus is set
|
|
to the first such item in the display list that supports the
|
|
insertion cursor.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR doesn't refer to any items, or if none of them
|
|
support the insertion cursor, then the focus isn't changed.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR is an empty
|
|
string, then the focus item is reset so that no item has the focus.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR is not specified then the command returns the
|
|
id for the item that currently has the focus, or an empty string
|
|
if no item has the focus.
|
|
.RS
|
|
.PP
|
|
Once the focus has been set to an item, the item will display
|
|
the insertion cursor and all keyboard events will be directed
|
|
to that item.
|
|
The focus item within a canvas and the focus window on the
|
|
screen (set with the \fBfocus\fR command) are totally independent:
|
|
a given item doesn't actually have the input focus unless (a)
|
|
its canvas is the focus window and (b) the item is the focus item
|
|
within the canvas.
|
|
In most cases it is advisable to follow the \fBfocus\fR widget
|
|
command with the \fBfocus\fR command to set the focus window to
|
|
the canvas (if it wasn't there already).
|
|
.RE
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBgettags\fR \fItagOrId\fR
|
|
Return a list whose elements are the tags associated with the
|
|
item given by \fItagOrId\fR.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to more than one item, then the tags
|
|
are returned from the first such item in the display list.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR doesn't refer to any items, or if the item
|
|
contains no tags, then an empty string is returned.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBicursor \fItagOrId index\fR
|
|
Set the position of the insertion cursor for the item(s)
|
|
given by \fItagOrId\fR
|
|
to just before the character whose position is given by \fIindex\fR.
|
|
If some or all of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR don't support
|
|
an insertion cursor then this command has no effect on them.
|
|
See INDICES above for a description of the
|
|
legal forms for \fIindex\fR.
|
|
Note: the insertion cursor is only displayed in an item if
|
|
that item currently has the keyboard focus (see the widget
|
|
command \fBfocus\fR, below), but the cursor position may
|
|
be set even when the item doesn't have the focus.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBindex \fItagOrId index\fR
|
|
This command returns a decimal string giving the numerical index
|
|
within \fItagOrId\fR corresponding to \fIindex\fR.
|
|
\fIIndex\fR gives a textual description of the desired position
|
|
as described in INDICES above.
|
|
The return value is guaranteed to lie between 0 and the number
|
|
of characters within the item, inclusive.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to multiple items, then the index
|
|
is processed in the first of these items that supports indexing
|
|
operations (in display list order).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBinsert \fItagOrId beforeThis string\fR
|
|
For each of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR, if the item supports
|
|
text insertion then \fIstring\fR is inserted into the item's
|
|
text just before the character whose index is \fIbeforeThis\fR.
|
|
See INDICES above for information about the forms allowed
|
|
for \fIbeforeThis\fR.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBitemcget\fR \fItagOrId\fR \fIoption\fR
|
|
Returns the current value of the configuration option for the
|
|
item given by \fItagOrId\fR whose name is \fIoption\fR.
|
|
This command is similar to the \fBcget\fR widget command except that
|
|
it applies to a particular item rather than the widget as a whole.
|
|
\fIOption\fR may have any of the values accepted by the \fBcreate\fR
|
|
widget command when the item was created.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR is a tag that refers to more than one item,
|
|
the first (lowest) such item is used.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBitemconfigure \fItagOrId\fR ?\fIoption\fR? ?\fIvalue\fR? ?\fIoption value ...\fR?
|
|
This command is similar to the \fBconfigure\fR widget command except
|
|
that it modifies item-specific options for the items given by
|
|
\fItagOrId\fR instead of modifying options for the overall
|
|
canvas widget.
|
|
If no \fIoption\fR is specified, returns a list describing all of
|
|
the available options for the first item given by \fItagOrId\fR
|
|
(see \fBTk_ConfigureInfo\fR for
|
|
information on the format of this list). If \fIoption\fR is specified
|
|
with no \fIvalue\fR, then the command returns a list describing the
|
|
one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding
|
|
sublist of the value returned if no \fIoption\fR is specified). If
|
|
one or more \fIoption\-value\fR pairs are specified, then the command
|
|
modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s) in
|
|
each of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR; in
|
|
this case the command returns an empty string.
|
|
The \fIoption\fRs and \fIvalue\fRs are the same as those permissible
|
|
in the \fBcreate\fR widget command when the item(s) were created;
|
|
see the sections describing individual item types below for details
|
|
on the legal options.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBlower \fItagOrId \fR?\fIbelowThis\fR?
|
|
Move all of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR to a new position
|
|
in the display list just before the item given by \fIbelowThis\fR.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to more than one item then all are moved
|
|
but the relative order of the moved items will not be changed.
|
|
\fIBelowThis\fR is a tag or id; if it refers to more than one
|
|
item then the first (lowest) of these items in the display list is used
|
|
as the destination location for the moved items.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBmove \fItagOrId xAmount yAmount\fR
|
|
Move each of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR in the canvas coordinate
|
|
space by adding \fIxAmount\fR to the x-coordinate of each point
|
|
associated with the item and \fIyAmount\fR to the y-coordinate of
|
|
each point associated with the item.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBpostscript \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
Generate a Postscript representation for part or all of the canvas.
|
|
If the \fB\-file\fR option is specified then the Postscript is written
|
|
to a file and an empty string is returned; otherwise the Postscript
|
|
is returned as the result of the command.
|
|
The Postscript is created in Encapsulated Postscript form using
|
|
version 3.0 of the Document Structuring Conventions.
|
|
Note: by default Postscript is only generated for information that
|
|
appears in the canvas's window on the screen. If the canvas is
|
|
freshly created it may still have its initial size of 1x1 pixel
|
|
so nothing will appear in the Postscript. To get around this problem
|
|
either invoke the "update" command to wait for the canvas window
|
|
to reach its final size, or else use the \fB\-width\fR and \fB\-height\fR
|
|
options to specify the area of the canvas to print.
|
|
The \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR argument pairs provide additional
|
|
information to control the generation of Postscript. The following
|
|
options are supported:
|
|
.RS
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-colormap \fIvarName\fR
|
|
\fIVarName\fR must be the name of an array variable
|
|
that specifies a color mapping to use in the Postscript.
|
|
Each element of \fIvarName\fR must consist of Postscript
|
|
code to set a particular color value (e.g. ``\fB1.0 1.0 0.0 setrgbcolor\fR'').
|
|
When outputting color information in the Postscript, Tk checks
|
|
to see if there is an element of \fIvarName\fR with the same
|
|
name as the color.
|
|
If so, Tk uses the value of the element as the Postscript command
|
|
to set the color.
|
|
If this option hasn't been specified, or if there isn't an entry
|
|
in \fIvarName\fR for a given color, then Tk uses the red, green,
|
|
and blue intensities from the X color.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-colormode \fImode\fR
|
|
Specifies how to output color information. \fIMode\fR must be either
|
|
\fBcolor\fR (for full color output), \fBgray\fR (convert all colors
|
|
to their gray-scale equivalents) or \fBmono\fR (convert all colors
|
|
to black or white).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-file \fIfileName\fR
|
|
Specifies the name of the file in which to write the Postscript.
|
|
If this option isn't specified then the Postscript is returned as the
|
|
result of the command instead of being written to a file.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fontmap \fIvarName\fR
|
|
\fIVarName\fR must be the name of an array variable
|
|
that specifies a font mapping to use in the Postscript.
|
|
Each element of \fIvarName\fR must consist of a Tcl list with
|
|
two elements, which are the name and point size of a Postscript font.
|
|
When outputting Postscript commands for a particular font, Tk
|
|
checks to see if \fIvarName\fR contains an element with the same
|
|
name as the font.
|
|
If there is such an element, then the font information contained in
|
|
that element is used in the Postscript.
|
|
Otherwise Tk attempts to guess what Postscript font to use.
|
|
Tk's guesses generally only work for well-known fonts such as
|
|
Times and Helvetica and Courier, and only if the X font name does not
|
|
omit any dashes up through the point size.
|
|
For example, \fB\-*\-Courier\-Bold\-R\-Normal\-\-*\-120\-*\fR will work but
|
|
\fB*Courier\-Bold\-R\-Normal*120*\fR will not; Tk needs the dashes to
|
|
parse the font name).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-height \fIsize\fR
|
|
Specifies the height of the area of the canvas to print.
|
|
Defaults to the height of the canvas window.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-pageanchor \fIanchor\fR
|
|
Specifies which point of the printed area of the canvas should appear over
|
|
the positioning point on the page (which is given by the \fB\-pagex\fR
|
|
and \fB\-pagey\fR options).
|
|
For example, \fB\-pageanchor n\fR means that the top center of the
|
|
area of the canvas being printed (as it appears in the canvas window)
|
|
should be over the positioning point. Defaults to \fBcenter\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-pageheight \fIsize\fR
|
|
Specifies that the Postscript should be scaled in both x and y so
|
|
that the printed area is \fIsize\fR high on the Postscript page.
|
|
\fISize\fR consists of a floating-point number followed by
|
|
\fBc\fR for centimeters, \fBi\fR for inches, \fBm\fR for millimeters,
|
|
or \fBp\fR or nothing for printer's points (1/72 inch).
|
|
Defaults to the height of the printed area on the screen.
|
|
If both \fB\-pageheight\fR and \fB\-pagewidth\fR are specified then
|
|
the scale factor from \fB\-pagewidth\fR is used (non-uniform scaling
|
|
is not implemented).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-pagewidth \fIsize\fR
|
|
Specifies that the Postscript should be scaled in both x and y so
|
|
that the printed area is \fIsize\fR wide on the Postscript page.
|
|
\fISize\fR has the same form as for \fB\-pageheight\fR.
|
|
Defaults to the width of the printed area on the screen.
|
|
If both \fB\-pageheight\fR and \fB\-pagewidth\fR are specified then
|
|
the scale factor from \fB\-pagewidth\fR is used (non-uniform scaling
|
|
is not implemented).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-pagex \fIposition\fR
|
|
\fIPosition\fR gives the x-coordinate of the positioning point on
|
|
the Postscript page, using any of the forms allowed for \fB\-pageheight\fR.
|
|
Used in conjunction with the \fB\-pagey\fR and \fB\-pageanchor\fR options
|
|
to determine where the printed area appears on the Postscript page.
|
|
Defaults to the center of the page.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-pagey \fIposition\fR
|
|
\fIPosition\fR gives the y-coordinate of the positioning point on
|
|
the Postscript page, using any of the forms allowed for \fB\-pageheight\fR.
|
|
Used in conjunction with the \fB\-pagex\fR and \fB\-pageanchor\fR options
|
|
to determine where the printed area appears on the Postscript page.
|
|
Defaults to the center of the page.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-rotate \fIboolean\fR
|
|
\fIBoolean\fR specifies whether the printed area is to be rotated 90
|
|
degrees.
|
|
In non-rotated output the x-axis of the printed area runs along
|
|
the short dimension of the page (``portrait'' orientation);
|
|
in rotated output the x-axis runs along the long dimension of the
|
|
page (``landscape'' orientation).
|
|
Defaults to non-rotated.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIsize\fR
|
|
Specifies the width of the area of the canvas to print.
|
|
Defaults to the width of the canvas window.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-x \fIposition\fR
|
|
Specifies the x-coordinate of the left edge of the area of the
|
|
canvas that is to be printed, in canvas coordinates, not window
|
|
coordinates.
|
|
Defaults to the coordinate of the left edge of the window.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-y \fIposition\fR
|
|
Specifies the y-coordinate of the top edge of the area of the
|
|
canvas that is to be printed, in canvas coordinates, not window
|
|
coordinates.
|
|
Defaults to the coordinate of the top edge of the window.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBraise \fItagOrId \fR?\fIaboveThis\fR?
|
|
Move all of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR to a new position
|
|
in the display list just after the item given by \fIaboveThis\fR.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to more than one item then all are moved
|
|
but the relative order of the moved items will not be changed.
|
|
\fIAboveThis\fR is a tag or id; if it refers to more than one
|
|
item then the last (topmost) of these items in the display list is used
|
|
as the destination location for the moved items.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBscale \fItagOrId xOrigin yOrigin xScale yScale\fR
|
|
Rescale all of the items given by \fItagOrId\fR in canvas coordinate
|
|
space.
|
|
\fIXOrigin\fR and \fIyOrigin\fR identify the origin for the scaling
|
|
operation and \fIxScale\fR and \fIyScale\fR identify the scale
|
|
factors for x- and y-coordinates, respectively (a scale factor of
|
|
1.0 implies no change to that coordinate).
|
|
For each of the points defining each item, the x-coordinate is
|
|
adjusted to change the distance from \fIxOrigin\fR by a factor
|
|
of \fIxScale\fR.
|
|
Similarly, each y-coordinate is adjusted to change the distance
|
|
from \fIyOrigin\fR by a factor of \fIyScale\fR.
|
|
This command returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBscan\fR \fIoption args\fR
|
|
This command is used to implement scanning on canvases. It has
|
|
two forms, depending on \fIoption\fR:
|
|
.RS
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBscan mark \fIx y\fR
|
|
Records \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR and the canvas's current view; used
|
|
in conjunction with later \fBscan dragto\fR commands.
|
|
Typically this command is associated with a mouse button press in
|
|
the widget and \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR are the coordinates of the
|
|
mouse. It returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBscan dragto \fIx y\fR.
|
|
This command computes the difference between its \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR
|
|
arguments (which are typically mouse coordinates) and the \fIx\fR and
|
|
\fIy\fR arguments to the last \fBscan mark\fR command for the widget.
|
|
It then adjusts the view by 10 times the
|
|
difference in coordinates. This command is typically associated
|
|
with mouse motion events in the widget, to produce the effect of
|
|
dragging the canvas at high speed through its window. The return
|
|
value is an empty string.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBselect \fIoption\fR ?\fItagOrId arg\fR?
|
|
Manipulates the selection in one of several ways, depending on
|
|
\fIoption\fR.
|
|
The command may take any of the forms described below.
|
|
In all of the descriptions below, \fItagOrId\fR must refer to
|
|
an item that supports indexing and selection; if it refers to
|
|
multiple items then the first of
|
|
these that supports indexing and the selection is used.
|
|
\fIIndex\fR gives a textual description of a position
|
|
within \fItagOrId\fR, as described in INDICES above.
|
|
.RS
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBselect adjust \fItagOrId index\fR
|
|
Locate the end of the selection in \fItagOrId\fR nearest
|
|
to the character given by \fIindex\fR, and adjust that
|
|
end of the selection to be at \fIindex\fR (i.e. including
|
|
but not going beyond \fIindex\fR).
|
|
The other end of the selection is made the anchor point
|
|
for future \fBselect to\fR commands.
|
|
If the selection isn't currently in \fItagOrId\fR then
|
|
this command behaves the same as the \fBselect to\fR widget
|
|
command.
|
|
Returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBselect clear\fR
|
|
Clear the selection if it is in this widget.
|
|
If the selection isn't in this widget then the command
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
Returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBselect from \fItagOrId index\fR
|
|
Set the selection anchor point for the widget to be just
|
|
before the character
|
|
given by \fIindex\fR in the item given by \fItagOrId\fR.
|
|
This command doesn't change the selection; it just sets
|
|
the fixed end of the selection for future \fBselect to\fR
|
|
commands.
|
|
Returns an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBselect item\fR
|
|
Returns the id of the selected item, if the selection is in an
|
|
item in this canvas.
|
|
If the selection is not in this canvas then an empty string
|
|
is returned.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBselect to \fItagOrId index\fR
|
|
Set the selection to consist of those characters of \fItagOrId\fR
|
|
between the selection anchor point and
|
|
\fIindex\fR.
|
|
The new selection will include the character given by \fIindex\fR;
|
|
it will include the character given by the anchor point only if
|
|
\fIindex\fR is greater than or equal to the anchor point.
|
|
The anchor point is determined by the most recent \fBselect adjust\fR
|
|
or \fBselect from\fR command for this widget.
|
|
If the selection anchor point for the widget isn't currently in
|
|
\fItagOrId\fR, then it is set to the same character given
|
|
by \fIindex\fR.
|
|
Returns an empty string.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBtype\fI tagOrId\fR
|
|
Returns the type of the item given by \fItagOrId\fR, such as
|
|
\fBrectangle\fR or \fBtext\fR.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR refers to more than one item, then the type
|
|
of the first item in the display list is returned.
|
|
If \fItagOrId\fR doesn't refer to any items at all then
|
|
an empty string is returned.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBxview \fR?\fIargs\fR?
|
|
This command is used to query and change the horizontal position of the
|
|
information displayed in the canvas's window.
|
|
It can take any of the following forms:
|
|
.RS
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBxview\fR
|
|
Returns a list containing two elements.
|
|
Each element is a real fraction between 0 and 1; together they describe
|
|
the horizontal span that is visible in the window.
|
|
For example, if the first element is .2 and the second element is .6,
|
|
20% of the canvas's area (as defined by the \fB\-scrollregion\fR option)
|
|
is off-screen to the left, the middle 40% is visible
|
|
in the window, and 40% of the canvas is off-screen to the right.
|
|
These are the same values passed to scrollbars via the \fB\-xscrollcommand\fR
|
|
option.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBxview moveto\fI fraction\fR
|
|
Adjusts the view in the window so that \fIfraction\fR of the
|
|
total width of the canvas is off-screen to the left.
|
|
\fIFraction\fR must be a fraction between 0 and 1.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fBxview scroll \fInumber what\fR
|
|
This command shifts the view in the window left or right according to
|
|
\fInumber\fR and \fIwhat\fR.
|
|
\fINumber\fR must be an integer.
|
|
\fIWhat\fR must be either \fBunits\fR or \fBpages\fR or an abbreviation
|
|
of one of these.
|
|
If \fIwhat\fR is \fBunits\fR, the view adjusts left or right in units
|
|
of the \fBxScrollIncrement\fR option, if it is greater than zero,
|
|
or in units of one-tenth the window's width otherwise.
|
|
If \fIwhat is \fBpages\fR then the view
|
|
adjusts in units of nine-tenths the window's width.
|
|
If \fInumber\fR is negative then information farther to the left
|
|
becomes visible; if it is positive then information farther to the right
|
|
becomes visible.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fByview \fI?args\fR?
|
|
This command is used to query and change the vertical position of the
|
|
information displayed in the canvas's window.
|
|
It can take any of the following forms:
|
|
.RS
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fByview\fR
|
|
Returns a list containing two elements.
|
|
Each element is a real fraction between 0 and 1; together they describe
|
|
the vertical span that is visible in the window.
|
|
For example, if the first element is .6 and the second element is 1.0,
|
|
the lowest 40% of the canvas's area (as defined by the \fB\-scrollregion\fR
|
|
option) is visible in the window.
|
|
These are the same values passed to scrollbars via the \fB\-yscrollcommand\fR
|
|
option.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fByview moveto\fI fraction\fR
|
|
Adjusts the view in the window so that \fIfraction\fR of the canvas's
|
|
area is off-screen to the top.
|
|
\fIFraction\fR is a fraction between 0 and 1.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fIpathName \fByview scroll \fInumber what\fR
|
|
This command adjusts the view in the window up or down according to
|
|
\fInumber\fR and \fIwhat\fR.
|
|
\fINumber\fR must be an integer.
|
|
\fIWhat\fR must be either \fBunits\fR or \fBpages\fR.
|
|
If \fIwhat\fR is \fBunits\fR, the view adjusts up or down in units
|
|
of the \fByScrollIncrement\fR option, if it is greater than zero,
|
|
or in units of one-tenth the window's height otherwise.
|
|
If \fIwhat\fR is \fBpages\fR then
|
|
the view adjusts in units of nine-tenths the window's height.
|
|
If \fInumber\fR is negative then higher information becomes
|
|
visible; if it is positive then lower information
|
|
becomes visible.
|
|
.RE
|
|
|
|
.SH "OVERVIEW OF ITEM TYPES"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The sections below describe the various types of items supported
|
|
by canvas widgets. Each item type is characterized by two things:
|
|
first, the form of the \fBcreate\fR command used to create
|
|
instances of the type; and second, a set of configuration options
|
|
for items of that type, which may be used in the
|
|
\fBcreate\fR and \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands.
|
|
Most items don't support indexing or selection or the commands
|
|
related to them, such as \fBindex\fR and \fBinsert\fR.
|
|
Where items do support these facilities, it is noted explicitly
|
|
in the descriptions below (at present, only text items provide
|
|
this support).
|
|
|
|
.SH "ARC ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBarc\fR appear on the display as arc-shaped regions.
|
|
An arc is a section of an oval delimited by two angles (specified
|
|
by the \fB\-start\fR and \fB\-extent\fR options) and displayed in
|
|
one of several ways (specified by the \fB\-style\fR option).
|
|
Arcs are created with widget commands of the following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate arc \fIx1 y1 x2 y2 \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR, and \fIy2\fR give
|
|
the coordinates of two diagonally opposite corners of a
|
|
rectangular region enclosing the oval that defines the arc.
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for arcs:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-extent \fIdegrees\fR
|
|
Specifies the size of the angular range occupied by the arc.
|
|
The arc's range extends for \fIdegrees\fR degrees counter-clockwise
|
|
from the starting angle given by the \fB\-start\fR option.
|
|
\fIDegrees\fR may be negative.
|
|
If it is greater than 360 or less than -360, then \fIdegrees\fR
|
|
modulo 360 is used as the extent.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fill \fIcolor\fR
|
|
Fill the region of the arc with \fIcolor\fR.
|
|
\fIColor\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string (the default), then
|
|
then the arc will not be filled.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-outline \fIcolor\fR
|
|
\fIColor\fR specifies a color to use for drawing the arc's
|
|
outline; it may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBblack\fR. If \fIcolor\fR is specified
|
|
as an empty string then no outline is drawn for the arc.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-outlinestipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the outline for the arc should be drawn with a stipple pattern;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If the \fB\-outline\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default), then the outline is drawn
|
|
in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-start \fIdegrees\fR
|
|
Specifies the beginning of the angular range occupied by the
|
|
arc.
|
|
\fIDegrees\fR is given in units of degrees measured counter-clockwise
|
|
from the 3-o'clock position; it may be either positive or negative.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-stipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the arc should be filled in a stipple pattern;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If the \fB\-fill\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default), then filling is done
|
|
in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-style \fItype\fR
|
|
Specifies how to draw the arc. If \fItype\fR is \fBpieslice\fR
|
|
(the default) then the arc's region is defined by a section
|
|
of the oval's perimeter plus two line segments, one between the center
|
|
of the oval and each end of the perimeter section.
|
|
If \fItype\fR is \fBchord\fR then the arc's region is defined
|
|
by a section of the oval's perimeter plus a single line segment
|
|
connecting the two end points of the perimeter section.
|
|
If \fItype\fR is \fBarc\fR then the arc's region consists of
|
|
a section of the perimeter alone.
|
|
In this last case the \fB\-fill\fR option is ignored.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIoutlineWidth\fR
|
|
Specifies the width of the outline to be drawn around
|
|
the arc's region, in any of the forms described in the COORDINATES
|
|
section above.
|
|
If the \fB\-outline\fR option has been specified as an empty string
|
|
then this option has no effect.
|
|
Wide outlines will be drawn centered on the edges of the arc's region.
|
|
This option defaults to 1.0.
|
|
|
|
.SH "BITMAP ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBbitmap\fR appear on the display as images with
|
|
two colors, foreground and background.
|
|
Bitmaps are created with widget commands of the following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate bitmap \fIx y \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR specify the coordinates of a
|
|
point used to position the bitmap on the display (see the \fB\-anchor\fR
|
|
option below for more information on how bitmaps are displayed).
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for bitmaps:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-anchor \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
\fIAnchorPos\fR tells how to position the bitmap relative to the
|
|
positioning point for the item; it may have any of the forms
|
|
accepted by \fBTk_GetAnchor\fR. For example, if \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
is \fBcenter\fR then the bitmap is centered on the point; if
|
|
\fIanchorPos\fR is \fBn\fR then the bitmap will be drawn so that
|
|
its top center point is at the positioning point.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBcenter\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-background \fIcolor\fR
|
|
Specifies a color to use for each of the bitmap pixels
|
|
whose value is 0.
|
|
\fIColor\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If this option isn't specified, or if it is specified as an empty
|
|
string, then nothing is displayed where the bitmap pixels are 0; this
|
|
produces a transparent effect.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-bitmap \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Specifies the bitmap to display in the item.
|
|
\fIBitmap\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-foreground \fIcolor\fR
|
|
Specifies a color to use for each of the bitmap pixels
|
|
whose value is 1.
|
|
\fIColor\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR and
|
|
defaults to \fBblack\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
|
|
.SH "IMAGE ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBimage\fR are used to display images on a
|
|
canvas.
|
|
Images are created with widget commands of the following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate image \fIx y \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR specify the coordinates of a
|
|
point used to position the image on the display (see the \fB\-anchor\fR
|
|
option below for more information).
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for images:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-anchor \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
\fIAnchorPos\fR tells how to position the image relative to the
|
|
positioning point for the item; it may have any of the forms
|
|
accepted by \fBTk_GetAnchor\fR. For example, if \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
is \fBcenter\fR then the image is centered on the point; if
|
|
\fIanchorPos\fR is \fBn\fR then the image will be drawn so that
|
|
its top center point is at the positioning point.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBcenter\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-image \fIname\fR
|
|
Specifies the name of the image to display in the item.
|
|
This image must have been created previously with the
|
|
\fBimage create\fR command.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item; it may be an empty list.
|
|
|
|
.SH "LINE ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBline\fR appear on the display as one or more connected
|
|
line segments or curves.
|
|
Lines are created with widget commands of the following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate line \fIx1 y1... xn yn \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx1\fR through \fIyn\fR give
|
|
the coordinates for a series of two or more points that describe
|
|
a series of connected line segments.
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for lines:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-arrow \fIwhere\fR
|
|
Indicates whether or not arrowheads are to be drawn at one or both
|
|
ends of the line.
|
|
\fIWhere\fR must have one of the values \fBnone\fR (for no arrowheads),
|
|
\fBfirst\fR (for an arrowhead at the first point of the line),
|
|
\fBlast\fR (for an arrowhead at the last point of the line), or
|
|
\fBboth\fR (for arrowheads at both ends).
|
|
This option defaults to \fBnone\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-arrowshape \fIshape\fR
|
|
This option indicates how to draw arrowheads.
|
|
The \fIshape\fR argument must be a list with three elements, each
|
|
specifying a distance in any of the forms described in
|
|
the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
The first element of the list gives the distance along the line
|
|
from the neck of the arrowhead to its tip.
|
|
The second element gives the distance along the line from the
|
|
trailing points of the arrowhead to the tip, and the third
|
|
element gives the distance from the outside edge of the line to the
|
|
trailing points.
|
|
If this option isn't specified then Tk picks a ``reasonable'' shape.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-capstyle \fIstyle\fR
|
|
Specifies the ways in which caps are to be drawn at the endpoints
|
|
of the line.
|
|
\fIStyle\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetCapStyle\fR
|
|
(\fBbutt\fR, \fBprojecting\fR, or \fBround\fR).
|
|
If this option isn't specified then it defaults to \fBbutt\fR.
|
|
Where arrowheads are drawn the cap style is ignored.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fill \fIcolor\fR
|
|
\fIColor\fR specifies a color to use for drawing the line; it may have
|
|
any of the forms acceptable to \fBTk_GetColor\fR. It may also be an
|
|
empty string, in which case the line will be transparent.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBblack\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-joinstyle \fIstyle\fR
|
|
Specifies the ways in which joints are to be drawn at the vertices
|
|
of the line.
|
|
\fIStyle\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetCapStyle\fR
|
|
(\fBbevel\fR, \fBmiter\fR, or \fBround\fR).
|
|
If this option isn't specified then it defaults to \fBmiter\fR.
|
|
If the line only contains two points then this option is
|
|
irrelevant.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-smooth \fIboolean\fR
|
|
\fIBoolean\fR must have one of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBoolean\fR.
|
|
It indicates whether or not the line should be drawn as a curve.
|
|
If so, the line is rendered as a set of Bezier splines: one spline
|
|
is drawn for the first and second line segments, one for the second
|
|
and third, and so on. Straight-line segments can be generated within
|
|
a curve by duplicating the end-points of the desired line segment.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-splinesteps \fInumber\fR
|
|
Specifies the degree of smoothness desired for curves: each spline
|
|
will be approximated with \fInumber\fR line segments. This
|
|
option is ignored unless the \fB\-smooth\fR option is true.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-stipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the line should be filled in a stipple pattern;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default), then filling is
|
|
done in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIlineWidth\fR
|
|
\fILineWidth\fR specifies the width of the line, in any of the forms
|
|
described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
Wide lines will be drawn centered on the path specified by the
|
|
points.
|
|
If this option isn't specified then it defaults to 1.0.
|
|
|
|
.SH "OVAL ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBoval\fR appear as circular or oval regions on
|
|
the display. Each oval may have an outline, a fill, or
|
|
both. Ovals are created with widget commands of the
|
|
following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate oval \fIx1 y1 x2 y2 \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR, and \fIy2\fR give
|
|
the coordinates of two diagonally opposite corners of a
|
|
rectangular region enclosing the oval.
|
|
The oval will include the top and left edges of the rectangle
|
|
not the lower or right edges.
|
|
If the region is square then the resulting oval is circular;
|
|
otherwise it is elongated in shape.
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for ovals:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fill \fIcolor\fR
|
|
Fill the area of the oval with \fIcolor\fR.
|
|
\fIColor\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string (the default), then
|
|
then the oval will not be filled.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-outline \fIcolor\fR
|
|
\fIColor\fR specifies a color to use for drawing the oval's
|
|
outline; it may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBblack\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string then no outline will be
|
|
drawn for the oval.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-stipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the oval should be filled in a stipple pattern;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If the \fB\-fill\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default), then filling is done
|
|
in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIoutlineWidth\fR
|
|
\fIoutlineWidth\fR specifies the width of the outline to be drawn around
|
|
the oval, in any of the forms described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
If the \fB\-outline\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
Wide outlines are drawn centered on the oval path defined by
|
|
\fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR, and \fIy2\fR.
|
|
This option defaults to 1.0.
|
|
|
|
.SH "POLYGON ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBpolygon\fR appear as polygonal or curved filled regions
|
|
on the display.
|
|
Polygons are created with widget commands of the following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate polygon \fIx1 y1 ... xn yn \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx1\fR through \fIyn\fR specify the coordinates for
|
|
three or more points that define a closed polygon.
|
|
The first and last points may be the same; whether they are or not,
|
|
Tk will draw the polygon as a closed polygon.
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for polygons:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fill \fIcolor\fR
|
|
\fIColor\fR specifies a color to use for filling the area of the
|
|
polygon; it may have any of the forms acceptable to \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string then the polygon will be
|
|
transparent.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBblack\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-outline \fIcolor\fR
|
|
\fIColor\fR specifies a color to use for drawing the polygon's
|
|
outline; it may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string then no outline will be
|
|
drawn for the polygon.
|
|
This option defaults to empty (no outline).
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-smooth \fIboolean\fR
|
|
\fIBoolean\fR must have one of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBoolean\fR
|
|
It indicates whether or not the polygon should be drawn with a
|
|
curved perimeter.
|
|
If so, the outline of the polygon becomes a set of Bezier splines,
|
|
one spline for the first and second line segments, one for the second
|
|
and third, and so on. Straight-line segments can be generated in a
|
|
smoothed polygon by duplicating the end-points of the desired line segment.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-splinesteps \fInumber\fR
|
|
Specifies the degree of smoothness desired for curves: each spline
|
|
will be approximated with \fInumber\fR line segments. This
|
|
option is ignored unless the \fB\-smooth\fR option is true.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-stipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the polygon should be filled in a stipple pattern;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default), then filling is
|
|
done in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIoutlineWidth\fR
|
|
\fIOutlineWidth\fR specifies the width of the outline to be drawn around
|
|
the polygon, in any of the forms described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
If the \fB\-outline\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect. This option defaults to 1.0.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Polygon items are different from other items such as rectangles, ovals
|
|
and arcs in that interior points are considered to be ``inside'' a
|
|
polygon (e.g. for purposes of the \fBfind closest\fR and
|
|
\fBfind overlapping\fR widget commands) even if it is not filled.
|
|
For most other item types, an
|
|
interior point is considered to be inside the item only if the item
|
|
is filled or if it has neither a fill nor an outline. If you would
|
|
like an unfilled polygon whose interior points are not considered
|
|
to be inside the polygon, use a line item instead.
|
|
|
|
.SH "RECTANGLE ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBrectangle\fR appear as rectangular regions on
|
|
the display. Each rectangle may have an outline, a fill, or
|
|
both. Rectangles are created with widget commands of the
|
|
following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate rectangle \fIx1 y1 x2 y2 \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR, and \fIy2\fR give
|
|
the coordinates of two diagonally opposite corners of the rectangle
|
|
(the rectangle will include its upper and left edges but not
|
|
its lower or right edges).
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for rectangles:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fill \fIcolor\fR
|
|
Fill the area of the rectangle with \fIcolor\fR, which may be
|
|
specified in any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string (the default),
|
|
then the rectangle will not be filled.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-outline \fIcolor\fR
|
|
Draw an outline around the edge of the rectangle in \fIcolor\fR.
|
|
\fIColor\fR may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBblack\fR.
|
|
If \fIcolor\fR is an empty string then no outline will be
|
|
drawn for the rectangle.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-stipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the rectangle should be filled in a stipple pattern;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If the \fB\-fill\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default), then filling
|
|
is done in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIoutlineWidth\fR
|
|
\fIOutlineWidth\fR specifies the width of the outline to be drawn around
|
|
the rectangle, in any of the forms described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
If the \fB\-outline\fR option hasn't been specified then this option
|
|
has no effect.
|
|
Wide outlines are drawn centered on the rectangular path
|
|
defined by \fIx1\fR, \fIy1\fR, \fIx2\fR, and \fIy2\fR.
|
|
This option defaults to 1.0.
|
|
|
|
.SH "TEXT ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
A text item displays a string of characters on the screen in one
|
|
or more lines.
|
|
Text items support indexing and selection, along with the
|
|
following text-related canvas widget commands: \fBdchars\fR,
|
|
\fBfocus\fR, \fBicursor\fR, \fBindex\fR, \fBinsert\fR,
|
|
\fBselect\fR.
|
|
Text items are created with widget commands of the following
|
|
form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate text \fIx y \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR specify the coordinates of a
|
|
point used to position the text on the display (see the options
|
|
below for more information on how text is displayed).
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for text items:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-anchor \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
\fIAnchorPos\fR tells how to position the text relative to the
|
|
positioning point for the text; it may have any of the forms
|
|
accepted by \fBTk_GetAnchor\fR. For example, if \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
is \fBcenter\fR then the text is centered on the point; if
|
|
\fIanchorPos\fR is \fBn\fR then the text will be drawn such that
|
|
the top center point of the rectangular region occupied by the
|
|
text will be at the positioning point.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBcenter\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-fill \fIcolor\fR
|
|
\fIColor\fR specifies a color to use for filling the text characters;
|
|
it may have any of the forms accepted by \fBTk_GetColor\fR.
|
|
If this option isn't specified then it defaults to \fBblack\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-font \fIfontName\fR
|
|
Specifies the font to use for the text item.
|
|
\fIFontName\fR may be any string acceptable to \fBTk_GetFontStruct\fR.
|
|
If this option isn't specified, it defaults to a system-dependent
|
|
font.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-justify \fIhow\fR
|
|
Specifies how to justify the text within its bounding region.
|
|
\fIHow\fR must be one of the values \fBleft\fR, \fBright\fR,
|
|
or \fBcenter\fR.
|
|
This option will only matter if the text is displayed as multiple
|
|
lines.
|
|
If the option is omitted, it defaults to \fBleft\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-stipple \fIbitmap\fR
|
|
Indicates that the text should be drawn in a stippled pattern
|
|
rather than solid;
|
|
\fIbitmap\fR specifies the stipple pattern to use, in any of the
|
|
forms accepted by \fBTk_GetBitmap\fR.
|
|
If \fIbitmap\fR is an empty string (the default) then the text
|
|
is drawn in a solid fashion.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-text \fIstring\fR
|
|
\fIString\fR specifies the characters to be displayed in the text item.
|
|
Newline characters cause line breaks.
|
|
The characters in the item may also be changed with the
|
|
\fBinsert\fR and \fBdelete\fR widget commands.
|
|
This option defaults to an empty string.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIlineLength\fR
|
|
Specifies a maximum line length for the text, in any of the forms
|
|
described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
If this option is zero (the default) the text is broken into
|
|
lines only at newline characters.
|
|
However, if this option is non-zero then any line that would
|
|
be longer than \fIlineLength\fR is broken just before a space
|
|
character to make the line shorter than \fIlineLength\fR; the
|
|
space character is treated as if it were a newline
|
|
character.
|
|
|
|
.SH "WINDOW ITEMS"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Items of type \fBwindow\fR cause a particular window to be displayed
|
|
at a given position on the canvas.
|
|
Window items are created with widget commands of the following form:
|
|
.CS
|
|
\fIpathName \fBcreate window \fIx y \fR?\fIoption value option value ...\fR?
|
|
.CE
|
|
The arguments \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR specify the coordinates of a
|
|
point used to position the window on the display (see the \fB\-anchor\fR
|
|
option below for more information on how bitmaps are displayed).
|
|
After the coordinates there may be any number of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR
|
|
pairs, each of which sets one of the configuration options
|
|
for the item. These same \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs may be
|
|
used in \fBitemconfigure\fR widget commands to change the item's
|
|
configuration.
|
|
The following options are supported for window items:
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-anchor \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
\fIAnchorPos\fR tells how to position the window relative to the
|
|
positioning point for the item; it may have any of the forms
|
|
accepted by \fBTk_GetAnchor\fR. For example, if \fIanchorPos\fR
|
|
is \fBcenter\fR then the window is centered on the point; if
|
|
\fIanchorPos\fR is \fBn\fR then the window will be drawn so that
|
|
its top center point is at the positioning point.
|
|
This option defaults to \fBcenter\fR.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-height \fIpixels\fR
|
|
Specifies the height to assign to the item's window.
|
|
\fIPixels\fR may have any of the
|
|
forms described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
If this option isn't specified, or if it is specified as an empty
|
|
string, then the window is given whatever height it requests internally.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-tags \fItagList\fR
|
|
Specifies a set of tags to apply to the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR consists of a list of tag names, which replace any
|
|
existing tags for the item.
|
|
\fITagList\fR may be an empty list.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-width \fIpixels\fR
|
|
Specifies the width to assign to the item's window.
|
|
\fIPixels\fR may have any of the
|
|
forms described in the COORDINATES section above.
|
|
If this option isn't specified, or if it is specified as an empty
|
|
string, then the window is given whatever width it requests internally.
|
|
.TP
|
|
\fB\-window \fIpathName\fR
|
|
Specifies the window to associate with this item.
|
|
The window specified by \fIpathName\fR must either be a child of
|
|
the canvas widget or a child of some ancestor of the canvas widget.
|
|
\fIPathName\fR may not refer to a top-level window.
|
|
|
|
.SH "APPLICATION-DEFINED ITEM TYPES"
|
|
.PP
|
|
It is possible for individual applications to define new item
|
|
types for canvas widgets using C code.
|
|
See the documentation for \fBTk_CreateItemType\fR.
|
|
|
|
.SH BINDINGS
|
|
.PP
|
|
In the current implementation, new canvases are not given any
|
|
default behavior: you'll have to execute explicit Tcl commands
|
|
to give the canvas its behavior.
|
|
|
|
.SH CREDITS
|
|
.PP
|
|
Tk's canvas widget is a blatant ripoff of ideas from Joel Bartlett's
|
|
\fIezd\fR program. \fIEzd\fR provides structured graphics in a Scheme
|
|
environment and preceded canvases by a year or two. Its simple
|
|
mechanisms for placing and animating graphical objects inspired the
|
|
functions of canvases.
|
|
|
|
.SH KEYWORDS
|
|
canvas, widget
|