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man/anacrontab.5
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.TH ANACRONTAB 5 2012-11-22 "cronie" "File Formats"
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.SH NAME
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/etc/anacrontab \- configuration file for Anacron
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.I /etc/anacrontab
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configuration file describes the jobs controlled by
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.BR anacron (8).
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It can contain three types of lines: job-description lines, environment
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assignments, or empty lines.
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.PP
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Job-description lines can have the following format:
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.PP
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period in days delay in minutes job-identifier command
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.PP
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The
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.I period in days
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variable specifies the frequency of execution of a job in days. This
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variable can be represented by an integer or a macro (@daily, @weekly,
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@monthly), where @daily denotes the same value as the integer 1, @weekly
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the same as 7, and @monthly specifies that the job is run once a month,
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independent on the length of the month.
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.PP
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The
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.I delay in minutes
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variable specifies the number of minutes anacron waits, if necessary,
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before executing a job. This variable is represented by an integer where
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0 means no delay.
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.PP
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The
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.I job-identifier
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variable specifies a unique name of a job which is used in the log files.
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.PP
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The
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.I command
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variable specifies the command to execute. The command can either be a
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command such as
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.B ls /proc >> /tmp/proc
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or a command to execute a custom script.
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.PP
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Environment assignment lines can have the following format:
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.PP
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VAR=VALUE
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.PP
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Any spaces around
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.I VAR
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are removed. No spaces around
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.I VALUE
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are allowed (unless you want them to be part of the value). The
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specified assignment takes effect from the next line until the end of the
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file, or to the next assignment of the same variable.
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.PP
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The
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.I START_HOURS_RANGE
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variable defines an interval (in hours) when scheduled jobs can be run.
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In case this time interval is missed, for example, due to a power down,
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then scheduled jobs are not executed that day.
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.PP
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The
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.I RANDOM_DELAY
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variable denotes the maximum number of minutes that will be added to the
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delay in minutes variable which is specified for each job. A
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.I RANDOM_DELAY
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set to 12 would therefore add, randomly, between 0 and 12 minutes to the
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delay in minutes for each job in that particular anacrontab. When set to
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0, no random delay is added.
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.PP
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If
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.I MAILTO
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is defined (and non-empty), mail is sent to the specified address,
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otherwise, system user is used.
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.PP
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If
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.I MAILFROM
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is defined (and non-empty), it is used as the envelope sender address,
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otherwise, system user is used.
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.PP
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(Note: Both
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.I MAILFROM
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and
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.I MAILTO
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variables are expanded, so setting them as in the following example works as expected: MAILFROM=cron-$USER@cron.com ($USER is replaced by the system user) )
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.PP
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If
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.I NO_MAIL_OUTPUT
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is defined (and non-empty), the standard output and error descriptors of job processes are not redirected and e-mailed.
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.PP
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.PP
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Empty lines are either blank lines, line containing white spaces only, or
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lines with white spaces followed by a '#' followed by an arbitrary
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comment.
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.PP
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You can continue a line onto the next line by adding a '\\' at the end of it.
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.PP
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In case you want to disable Anacron, add a line with
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.I 0anacron
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which is the name of the script running the Anacron into the
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.I /etc/cron.hourly/jobs.deny
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file.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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This example shows how to set up an Anacron job similar in functionality to
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.I /etc/crontab
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which starts all regular jobs
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between 6:00 and 8:00
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.I only.
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A
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.I RANDOM_DELAY
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which can be 30 minutes at the most is specified. Jobs will run
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serialized in a queue where each job is started only after the previous
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one is finished.
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.PP
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.nf
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# environment variables
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SHELL=/bin/sh
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PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
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MAILTO=root
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RANDOM_DELAY=30
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# Anacron jobs will start between 6am and 8am.
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START_HOURS_RANGE=6-8
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# delay will be 5 minutes + RANDOM_DELAY for cron.daily
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1 5 cron.daily nice run-parts /etc/cron.daily
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7 0 cron.weekly nice run-parts /etc/cron.weekly
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@monthly 0 cron.monthly nice run-parts /etc/cron.monthly
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.fi
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR anacron (8),
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.BR crontab (1)
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.PP
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The Anacron
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.I README
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file.
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.SH AUTHOR
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.MT itzur@\:actcom.\:co.\:il
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Itai Tzur
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.ME
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.PP
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Currently maintained by
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.MT pasc@\:(debian.\:org|\:redellipse.\:net)
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Pascal Hakim
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.ME .
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.PP
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For Fedora, maintained by
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.MT mmaslano@redhat.com
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Marcela Mašláňová
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.ME .
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